Rolling bearing is a kind of precision mechanical component that changes the sliding friction between the running shaft and the shaft seat into rolling friction, thereby reducing the friction loss. Rolling bearings are generally composed of four parts: inner ring, outer ring, rolling body and cage. The function of the inner ring is to match the shaft and rotate together with the shaft. The function of the outer ring is to cooperate with the bearing seat and play a supporting role; The rolling element is evenly distributed between the inner ring and the outer ring by means of the cage, and its shape, size and quantity directly affect the service performance and life of the rolling bearing. The cage can make the rolling body evenly distributed and guide the rolling body to rotate to play a lubricating role.

Rolling bearings in the process of use, there are many ways to lead to the failure of rolling bearings, and rolling bearings in daily use, the more common failure forms are mainly three: fatigue, plastic deformation and abrasive wear, for these three kinds of rolling bearing failure forms are described in detail as follows.

1, fatigue: for rotating rolling bearings, fatigue pitting is its main failure form, so it is mainly for life calculation, and then static strength check if necessary.

2, plastic deformation: for bearings that do not rotate, low speed or swing, local molding deformation is the main form of failure, so it is mainly for static strength calculation.

3, abrasive wear: for high-speed bearings, heating and even gluing is its main failure form, so in addition to life calculation should check the limit speed.